Cancer cells exploit multiple mechanisms to reduce the therapeutic effects of anticancer drugs, thereby causing chemotherapy failure. The development of drug resistance is the main contributor to cancer-related mortality. Alternatively, nanotechnology-based drug delivery systems containing both the cytotoxic drug and reversing agent may represent a useful approach to reversing MDR with minimal off-target toxicity.Ĭancer is one of the leading causes of death globally. An ideal MDR reversal agent should have broad-spectrum ABC-transporter inhibitory activity, be potent, have good pharmacokinetics, have no trans-stimulation effects, and have low or no toxicity.
We also discussed potential therapeutic strategies of targeting ABC transporters to reverse MDR in cancer cells.Įxpert opinion: Involvement of various ABC transporters to cancer MDR lays the foundation for developing tailored therapies that can overcome MDR. We integrated our current knowledge at different levels from molecular biology to clinical trials. The overexpression of various ABC transporters in cancer cells can efficiently remove the anticancer drug from the cell, thus causing the drug to lose its effect.Īreas covered: In this review, we summarised the ongoing research related to the mechanism, function, and regulation of ABC transporters. A major factor responsible for the failure of chemotherapy in the treatment of cancer is the development of multidrug resistance (MDR).
Introduction: Most disseminated cancers remain fatal despite the availability of a variety of conventional and novel treatments including surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, immunotherapy, and biologically targeted therapy.
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